Kolkata- The City of History

Victoria Memorial Hall

The history of Kolkata initiated from the year 1690 when the British East India Company came to Bengal . Job Charnak , one of the administrators of this British company first came to Bengal to administrate their business . According to history records , he is the founder of this city . Actually , this city was incorporated of three villages , one is Kalikata , second one is Gobindapur and third one is Sutanuti . These three villages were separate identity like Kalikata was a village of fishing , Sutanuti was weavers who lived on the bank of the Hoogly River and third one is Govindapur , specifically , cannot be known about this village from the history record .

Then India was under the ruling of Mughal Emperor of Delhi . According to the administrative system of the Mughal Emperor , every place of the country were their jagirdari and they would appoint the landowners or zamindars as their jagirdar . These jaigirdars have two works one is control their places administratively and collect revenue from their villagers . After that they would send the major part of the revenue to the Mughal Emperor in due time . Thus , the Zamindar of these three villages was Sabarna Roy Choudhury .

The British East India Company was already taken permission to start their business in India from the Mughal Emperor before came to Kolkata . In 1698 , Job Charnak , the first administrator of that company purchased those three villages from the Zamindar , Sabarna Roy Chowdhury and thus the right of tax revenue collection was transferred to their hand .

Then already another European country , France existed in India for their business . They had reached in India before the British company . According to them India were the place suggested as gold mines . In the year 1712 , the British completed the Fort William that is still having on the east side of the bank of the river Hoogly . They constructed this fort William facing frequent battle with French forces . In the year 1756 , the British company was started to develop their militarization .

Then Siraj-Ud-Daulah was the Nawab of Bengal.He protested against this British militarization and warned them . But the company administrators were ignored that warning , then Nawab attacked them and captured the fort William . After that the Nawab started to kill the British war prisoners . But this win did not stay longer ; Robert Clive , the leader of the British troops was again recaptured the city in 1757 approximately after the serious battle at the field of Plessey of Murshidabad and the city was declared the presidency city .

Thus the new era was started since then ; Kolkata declared as Bengal presidency by the British . Thereafter a new history was created by British after captured the entire country . Bahadur-Sha-Jafar was the last Mughal Emperor probably from whom the ruling stick of India was snatched by the British . Since then , they captured India . After few many years , the ruling of this country was gone in the hand of Queen Elizabeth ; the East India Company was started to work on the lordship of the Queen .

Thus India became the colonial country of British Government . Then their capital was Bengal and in summer time Shimla was their temporary capital . Thus India was the colonial country of the British Government and it was continued next 200 years approximately .